| Normal Forms |
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| Relations can be
characterized by the |
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| normal form
conditions that they satisfy: |
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| – | 1st
Normal form (1NF) |
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| • | all attributes
are atomic |
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| – | 3rd
Normal form (3NF) |
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| • | all FDs have a
super-key on their left-hand side or |
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| a part of some
key on their right |
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| – | Boyce-Codd normal
Form (BCNF) |
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| • | all FDs have a
super-key on their left-hand side |
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